AGR-250: Remediation of the Fragipan Using Annual Ryegrass

Dottie Call, John Grove, A.D. Karathanasis, Chris Matocha, Lloyd Murdock | Jul. 2, 2024 (Minor Revision)

The fragipan is a naturally occurring restrictive soil horizon that virtually stops water movement and root growth through the soil. It commonly is located 18-32 inches below the surface of most of Kentucky's fragipan soils.

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AGR-278: Bermudagrass Control for Kentucky Lawns

Kenneth Clayton, Paul Rideout, Jason Vaughn, Beth Wilson | May. 24, 2024 (New)

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), a warm-season perennial grass, increasingly has become a problem in Kentucky cool-season turfgrass. Over much of the lower Southeastern United States, bermudagrass is the king of the turfgrasses. Celebrated for its aggressive growth habit, quick recovery, and ability to tolerate low mowing heights, bermudagrass can be found everywhere from high-end golf courses and prestigious sports stadiums to home lawns.

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AGR-259: Multi-SOA Pre-emergence Herbicides for Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Control

Travis Legleiter | Apr. 24, 2024 (Minor Revision)

Waterhemp and Palmer amaranth are among the most troublesome and hard to control weeds in soybean fields in Kentucky. Both species have spread across the state over the past ten to fifteen years. Resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides [Group 2] and glyphosate [Group 9] is widespread in both species, while PPO-resistance [Group 14] is continually spreading especially in waterhemp. Herbicide manufacturers have developed several herbicide premix formulations targeted at controlling waterhemp and Palmer amaranth that contain multiple effective sites of action, thus farmers have options to choose from.

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AGR-276: Kentucky Land Capability Classes and Limitations

John Grove, Brad Lee, Edwin Ritchey | Mar. 19, 2024 (New)

The USDA NRCS has established a national land classification system to help landowners and farm operators with land use planning. This system classifies land for agricultural purposes by the intensity with which it can be used for crop production and by the nature of the limiting problem. In general, the better the Land Class (lower numeric values), the less management is necessary to produce a crop while protecting the soil resource and the environment.

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ID-277: The Great Debate of Annual vs. Perennial Forages

Kenny Burdine, Kelly Mercier, Ray Smith | Mar. 13, 2024 (New)

The organic dairy sector in Kentucky and Tennessee contributed $9.3 million in organic product sales in 2019 (USDA-NASS, 2020), with organic milk sales in Kentucky alone rising 61% from 2017 to 2019 (USDA, NASS, Kentucky Field Office, 2020). Organic dairies rely more heavily on pastures as a significant source of dry matter intake compared to most conventional dairies.

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HENV-716: Companion Canine Nutrient Contributions to Kentucky's Urban Environment

Glynn Beck, Rick Durham, Brad Lee | Mar. 12, 2024 (New)

Eutrophication is a significant environmental issue affecting creeks, streams, and lakes, and excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), play a crucial role in its development. Microbial growth due to excess nutrients in the environment can be devastating to aquatic life and water resources. When eutrophication occurs, excess nutrients in fresh water can cause algal blooms, some of which are toxic to humans and pets.

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AGR-206: Lawn Management: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 15

Kenneth Clayton, Gregg Munshaw, A.J. Powell | Jan. 16, 2024 (Major Revision)

Turfgrass is the foundation of a quality landscape. It improves the beauty of other ornamentals and provides a safe recreational surface.

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ID-192: Composting: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 13

Rick Durham, Brad Lee | Jan. 16, 2024 (Major Revision)

Gardeners have long made and used compost to improve garden soil.

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ID-201: Your Yard and Water Quality: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 12

Rick Durham, Brad Lee | Jan. 16, 2024 (Major Revision)

We generally view gardening as a wholesome activity that enhances our environment. But pesticides, fertilizers, and erosion from gardens and landscapes can contaminate lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. Since the quality of our water resources affects our quality of life, we must learn how gardening practices can contribute to water contamination and how to reduce the threat to
water quality.

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AGR-204: Soils and Fertility: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 4

Brad Lee, Edwin Ritchey | Jan. 16, 2024 (Major Revision)

Soil is a mixture of weathered rock fragments (minerals) and organic matter at the earth's surface. It is biologically active - a home to countless microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant roots.